Title: GZ / The Grenz Zone Season 1 / Ep 2
Tags: GZ DermnetNZ Waikato

Q: What does "papule" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Solid raised lesion < 1 cm in diameter

Q: What does "nodule" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Solid raised lesion > 1 cm in diameter with a deeper component
Back Extra: Rheumatoid nodule shown

Q: What does "plaque" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Palpable scaling raised lesion > 1 cm in diameter
Back Extra: ie plaque psoriasis

Q: What does "vesicle" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; (small blister), raised, clear fluid-filled lesion < 1 cm in diameter

Q: What does "bulla" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; (large blister)
Raised, clear fluid-filled lesion >1 cm in diameter

Q: What does "abscess" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Localised accumulation of pus in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues

Q: What does "wheal" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Transient raised lesion due to dermal edema
Back Extra: Seen in urticaria

Q: What does "boil" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; Staphylococcal infection around or within a hair follicle (furuncle)

Q: What does "carbuncle" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Primary; multiple boils/furuncles
Back Extra: Staphylococcal infection of adjacent hair follicles

Q: What does "excoriation" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a secondary lesion on the skin?
[...]
A: Loss of epidermis following trauma

Q: What does "ulcer" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a secondary skin lesion?
[...]
A: Loss of epidermis and dermis (heals with scarring)

Q: What does "fissure" refer to when describing the morphology (structure) of a secondary skin lesion?
[...]
A: A linear epidermal crack (often due to excess dryness)

Q: [...] sign – vertical pressure on bullae causes lateral spread; seen with deep bullae
A: Asboe-Hansen
Back Extra: Seen in PV, SJS, and TEN. Sometimes called the Nikolsky 2

Q: Elevated solid lesion < 1 cm = [lesion type]
A: papule

Q: Flat lesion < 1 cm with defined borders = [lesion type]
A: macule

Q: Large fluid-containing blister > 1 cm = [lesion type]
A: bulla

Q: Small fluid-containing blister < 1 cm = [lesion type]
A: vesicle

Describing skin lesions (LES T CABS)
o Location (area of body, flexors/extensors, sun-exposed, symmetrical, lateralized, dermatomal)
o Erythema (pink, red, red-brown, violaceous, near black)
o Surface (smooth, rough, warty, crusted, scaly)
o Type of lesion (patch, papule, etc)
o Color – also includes hypopigmented or depigmented
o A
rrangement –
how lesions are arranged in relation to one another
(e.g. grouped, generalized, unilateral, linear)

o B
order/shape (well circumscribed vs poorly defined, circular, oval,
polycyclic)

o Special sites (mouth, genitalia, nails, hair)
Back Extra: Use several of these elements when describing rashes or lesions

Q: [...] often refers to accentuated skin lines, often seen with chronic irritation (shown below)
A: Lichenification

Q: [...] is a secondary skin lesions identified as having dry blood, pus, or serum (“scab”), shown below
A: Crust

Q: [...] is a secondary lesion identified as a lost part of epidermis lost (e.g. ruptured vesicle)
A: Erosion

Q: A(n) [...] pattern describes a pattern that is lacy (shown below)
A: reticulate

Purpura are nonblanching vascular lesions > 5 mm in size
Petechiae are nonblanching red-brown macules < 5mm

Q: [...] are small, discrete blood vessels that [do/do not] blanch with pressure
A: Telangiectasias; do

Q: Guselkumab (Tremfya), Risankizumab (Skyrizi)
and Tildrakizumab (Ilumya) MOA: block [...] subunit on IL-[...] only
A: p19; 23